Scouring fabric removes the grease, dust, dirt and grime that fabrics encountered during the manufacturing process and transit. Depending upon fabric type, it may be necessary to stabilise the dimensions of the fabric before the scouring process, using a process. The characteristic speckled look of cotton greige fabrics is caused by cotton motes that were not removed during the yarn making process. After complete washing store the material for next process at the designated place 5. Characterization of cotton fabric scouring by ftir atr. After recycling the scouring and bleaching process bath three times, effluent still contained 55 % alkali and 67. Scouring is one of the most important processes in fabric formation in the textile industry. The process, which are done to make the textile mtl suitable for dyeing. Short and efficient desizing and scouring process of cotton textile materials mangesh d. Waxes, proteins, pectic substances and mineral matters mechanically held impurities e. Materials chemical required desized cotton fabric or yarn. A study on enzymatic treatments of unscoured cotton fabric. The process by which the textile mtls are treated associated with water is called wet processing.
These are then dyed or printed, fabricated into clothes. Scouring process of cotton, wool, silk and synthetic. Average consumption in the scouring and bleaching of cotton fabrics was found to be in the range of 10 80 litkg and 10 litkg respectively depending on the machine and process employed. For bio scouring of cotton fabric scourzyme l of novozymes is used as sample which is an alkaline pectinase and it removes pectin and other impurities from the primary cell wall of the cotton fibres without any. Grey fabric contains mainly three type of impurities. A closedloop process for cotton fabric preparation desizing, scouring, bleaching that is environmentally safe was devised. The conventional scouring process involving the harsh environment is slowly being replaced with environmentfriendly approach using enzymes. The main function of scouring is the removal of hydrophobic impurities in fabrics made out of natural. Scouring and bleaching of 100% cotton knitted fabric at. The term preparation has two implications in textile processing. The greige and the scoured cotton fabrics showed very similar ftir spectrum in transmission mode because the bulk composition of the fabrics are similar. Cotton remains the most important natural fibre, so is treated in depth.
In my case, ill be using an old top sheet for my experiments, so it certainly needs lots of. Comparison of effectiveness between conventional scouring. It should be an aid to students and professionals in textiles, textiles and clothing, and textile science, who desire a. The recipe for scouring may vary widely depending on. In case of dyeing carried out in jigger, the consumption of water is 10 60 litkg, while that carried out in a winch, it is around 100 450 litkg. Mercerizing of cotton fabric methods of mercerizing process. Bleaching is the removal of unwanted colour from the textile fibres and typically involves the use of one of the four main bleaching agents, namely sodium hypochlorite, calcium hypochlorite, sodium chlorite and hydrogen peroxide. The source of natural color is organic compounds with conjugated double bonds, by doing chemical bleaching the discoloration takes place by breaking chromophore. Therefore, these need to be removed before sending the fabric for further processing. Container for soaking enough water for soaking, plus one to two gallons for scouring nonreactive stock pot soda ash synthrapol fabric detergent long spoon stove. Pretreatment of textiles prior to dyeing edward menezes and mrinal choudhari rossari biotech ltd. Scouring is the process of washing fabric with soap solution.
Enzymes are specific and fast in actionand small amountsof enzyme often savelarge amounts of raw materials, chemicals, energy and water. Reuse of bleach bath cotton and cotton blend preparation are performed using continuous or batch processes and usually are the largest water consumers in a mill. Mercerizing of cotton is done in three basic stages of materials. During scouring, waxes and other hydrophobic materials are removed from the cotton fibers. This diagram shows the general preparatory process sequence carried out on grey cotton fabric. Scouring treatments of cotton, silk, wool and synthetics. When done to fabrics containing cotton, this results in increased wettability. Short and efficient desizing and scouring process of. Mercerization is a process applied to cotton and sometimes to cotton blends to increase lustre thus also enhancing appearance, to improve strength, and to improve their affinity for dyes. Pdf textile processing is a growing industry that traditionally has used a lot of water, energy and harsh chemicals. Scouring of cotton in the scouring process the cotton cellulose material is treated with a solution containing alkali soda ash and caustic soda, an anionic andor nonionic detergent, a wetting agent, a complexing and sequestering for the removal of metal ions and polyacrylates or polyphosphonates as special surfactant free dispersing agents, at high temperature. As a whole this process consist of desizing process, scouring and bleaching.
What links here related changes upload file special pages permanent. Single stage process for desizing, scouring, and bleaching. When a grey cotton fabric is dipped in water the oil present in the size will not allow the. Ftir attenuated total reflectance atr spectroscopy has been used for the fast characterization of cotton fabric scouring process. The objectives of scouring process are given bellow. Luster and strength of the fabric increases for mercerizing process. Pdf effect of different types scouring against different types of. Scouring is a chemical washing process carried out on cotton fabric to. Greigestate wool fabrics have very poor dimensional stability, and great care must be taken in handling wool fabrics through the sequence of wet finishing processes. There are mainly 3 divisions of wet processing i pretreatment. The process involves a novel bleaching agent, sodium perborate, spb which was used a lone without any additives in the. Kier boiler process scouring of cotton fabric in batchprocess discontinuous. It is based on the conversion of fibre into yarn, yarn into fabric. One type is for the cotton fibers, such as reactive, and one 1.
Teliand tesfaye tolessa adere institute of chemical technology, matunga e, mumbai 400019, india abstract now days, all research efforts in the field of wet processing of textiles are directed towards sustainable process through chemical substitution. Conventional scouring of cotton fabric involves a hightemperature treatment with a solution containing alkali, wetting agent, and detergent choudhury, 2006, p. Effect of alternative scouring agents on dyeing properties of cotton polyester blend fabric. In this process of cotton scouring, the fabric is scoured in rope form, by alkali liquor. An overview of textile scouring process definition. Effect of different types scouring against different types of bleaching process on dyeing of cotton fabric with monochlorotriazine hot brand reactive dye. Cotton material is scoured to remove natural impurities like natural oils and waxes as well as added impurities. Attempts were made to reutilise the unexhausted 92. The focus of this research is to investigate the opportunities. The textile dyeing and finishing sector uses large volumes of water and. Pdf effect of different types scouring against different.
For cotton, vigorous scouring may be helpful for removal of mechanically held particles of cotton seeds, husks, and leaves, which may have escaped the ginning process and are supposed to be removed during scouring. Sustainable processes for pretreatment of cotton fabric springerlink. Kier means specially constructed large cylindrical iron vessel. Combined scouringbleaching of cotton using potassium. Especially hydrophobic character which is present in the fiber of fabric is removed by this process.
Instructions to scour cotton sliver or cotton yarn. Each process drains a plethora of chemicals along with water, in the effluent stream. Wet processing engineering is one of the major streams in textile engineering refers to textile. The released chemicals by the global textile industry are continuously doing unimaginable harm to the environment. Mote removal is a major objective in scouring cotton. Before scouring, the fabric weighed 350 grams, afterwards it weighed 315 grams. Aver age consumption in the scouring and bleaching of cotton fabrics was found to be in the range of 10 80 litkg and 10 litkg respectively. Fabrics sold as ready for dyeing may not need scouring. Optimum percentage exhaustion of the effect of scouring agents on indigo dyeing process of mercerized cotton polyester blend fabric. The 35 grams it lost was due to all the oils and waxes used in the manufacturing process and the sizing starches added to make the fabric look good when you.
A cost effective and ecofriendly process for the generation next. Textile processing is a growing industry that traditionally has used a lot of water, energy and harsh chemicals. Cotton is based on 8590% of cellulose and the remaining portion consists of impurities such as fats, waxes and organic compounds. An overview of textile scouring process textile learner. Presence of mgso 4 7h 2 o at a concentration of up to 3 gl was essential for stabilization of. Scouring is the process of industrial cleaning of fabrics with the help of. For example, a 100% cotton fabric can be printed with reactive dyes, vat dyes, or any dye that works for cotton. Explain various operations in different departments in a. Scouring is the process of removing the impurities such as oil, fat, wax dust and dirt from the textile material to make it hydrophilic. A chelating agent is often added to the scouring solution to complex any heavy metals present in the cotton. Scouring of cotton in the scouring process the cotton cellulose material is treated with a solution containing alkali soda ash and caustic soda, an anionic andor nonionic detergent, a wetting agent, a complexing and sequestering for the removal of metal ions and polyacrylates or polyphosphonates as special surfactant free dispersing agents.
Scouring process of textile fabric or yarn cotton objects of scouring and process description with recipe posted by firoz kabir on saturday, january 24, 2015 0 scouring is the process which removes all the natural impurities like oil, wax, fat etc from the surface of the fabric and produce the fabric more hydrophilic, scouring done by using. Pdf chemicalfree scouring and bleaching of cotton knit fabric. Cotton in particular needs scouring, even if it is brand new from the fabric shop, because apparently it is full of hidden waxes and oils. Due to the evergrowing costs for water and energy worldwide investigations are carriedout to substitute conventional chemical textile. In a conventional process, scouring and bleaching is done once which results in under utilisation of alkali and hydrogen peroxide. Bleaching is enough for prepared the fabrics for dyeing and printing but mercerizing is done for adding some advantage to the fabric. Bleaching is the chemical treatment for removal of natural coloring matter from the fabric. Alternatively, it can be reused in the desizing or scouring process, provided that inline filters remove fabric impurities and oils. Best available techniques in textile industry umweltbundesamt. The term scouring applies to the removal of impurities such as oils, was, gums, soluble impurities and sold dirt commonly found in textile material and produce a hydrophilic and clean cloth. Scouring, is a chemical washing process carried out on cotton fabric to. The process, which may be applied at the yarn or fabric stage, involves immersion under. Scouring definitionobjectiveseffects and methods of.
Scouring fabric is easy and will ensure excellent dye uptake every time. Different types of fibres are used to produce yarn. Orvus paste soap for silk and wool scouring cotton and other cellulose fibres. The efficiency of a treating bath formulation consisting of h 2 o 2, sodium hydroxide, chelating agents, wetting agent, metal ions, and mgso 4 7h 2 o in effecting combined desizing, scouring, and bleaching of cotton fabric using a winch beck system was investigated under different conditions. Kier boiler process scouring of cotton fabric in batchprocess discontinuous process. Textile preparation scouring, textile scouring chemicals, textile scouring and bleaching by trotman, textile scouring agent, textile scouring machines, text.
Textile scouring is a process in which the fabric is treated with alkali at room temperature or at suitable higher temperatures and by this process oil, fat, wax and other natural and added impurities are removed. Recycle and reuse of textile waste liquor fromscouring and. Alternately, a cotton polyester blend requires two dye types combined in the print paste. Scouring is a two step process, both steps must be followed if you wish to acquire the greatest depth of color. Development of a new scouring methodology for the textile industry. The desized fabrics were then subjected to dyeing using reactive dyes yellow he6g and navy blue her, where analogous dyeing and. Typical cotton scouring conditions are given in table 18. Sustainable processes for pretreatment of cotton fabric. Effect of alternative scouring agents on dyeing properties.
Fiber materials in the form of textile fabrics, for example wovens or knits, especially cotton fabrics, normally have to be subjected to a pretreatment before they are dyed. Single jersey single lacoste knit fabrics were treated in water at 105 c, 120 c, and c for 20, 40, and 60 min at reduced process stage. Scouring is the process by which all natural andadditive impurities. Scouring helps assure even color and good penetration of the dye.
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